Everything about Hypernym totally explained
The term
Hypernym denotes a word, usually somewhat vague and broad in meaning, that other more specific words fall under or are fairly encompassed by.
For example,
vehicle denotes all the things that are separately denoted by the words
train,
chariot,
dogsled,
airplane, and
automobile and is therefore a hypernym of each of those words. Conversely, the words
train,
chariot etc. are
hyponyms of
vehicle.
Hypernymy is the
semantic relation in which one word is the hypernym of another. Hypernymy, the relation words stand in when their extensions stand in the relation of class to subclass, shouldn't be confused with
holonymy which is the relation words stand in when the things that they denote stand in the relation of whole to part. A similar warning applies to
hyponymy and
meronymy.
Automatically finding hypernyms
One of the first suggestions on how to find hypernym/hyponym pairs in a text came from Marti Hearst, who suggested looking at the output of a
parser and taking all of the terms linked by constructions such as
X and other Y; X could be considered a possible hyponym of Y. This method was extended by Snow et al, who developed an automated method of finding possible constructions that could signal such a pair.
Their process works by taking hypernym/hyponym pairs from
WordNet and finding many noun-noun pairs from a parsed
corpus. They train a
classifier to select those pairs of words that have a high probability of being hypernym pairs given the constructions which link the terms in the corpus.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Hypernym'.
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